IBSAT 2022 Exam - Dates, Selection Process Result, Eligibility, Cut Off
Latest Update for IBSAT
- 13 Jun 2022:
IBS Business Schools will soon release IBSAT 2022 application form online mode.
- 28 Jan 2022:
ICFAI has reopened IBSAT 2021 registration window in online mode. Apply now!
- 30 Dec 2021:
ICFAI Business School has announced the IBSAT 2021 result for MBA/ PGDM.
Stay up-to date with IBSAT News
About IBSAT 2022
IBSAT 2022: ICFAI Business School, Hyderabad will release IBSAT 2022 notification on its official website probably in the first week of July. After releasing of IBSAT 2022 notification, the IBSAT registration process will take place tentatively in the first week of July. Interested and eligible candidates can fill out the IBSAT 2022 application form by visiting the official website - ibsindia.org.
As per the eligibility criteria of IBSAT 2022, candidates must have completed their graduation in any discipline from a recognized institute/ university with at least 50% aggregate marks. Candidates can also apply for admission in ICFAI-affiliated colleges on the basis of CAT/ NMAT by GMAC/ GMAT. IBSAT national mock test date will take place from the third week of November to the last week of December 2022. The computer-based test of two hours duration will have objective-type questions from areas like Verbal Ability, Quantitative Techniques, Data Interpretation and Data sufficiency, and Reasoning Ability.
After the declaration of IBSAT 2022 results, selected candidates will have to appear for the IBSAT selection procedure, followed by the release of a list of students qualifying for admission in the nine IBS campuses across India. Going by the past trends, the expected cut off for admission in the top IBSAT score accepting B-School - ICFAI Hyderabad is likely to remain 85+ percentile. The IBS will conduct the IBSAT exam 2022 probably in the last week of December for admission into MBA/ PGDM courses in their 9 campuses.
What is IBSAT exam?
IBSAT is one of the popular examinations for post-graduate management entrance. IBSAT is conducted for admission to various campuses of IBS. IBSAT is conducted by ICFAI Foundation for Higher Education every year. The exam assesses various skills of the candidates.
IBSAT 2022 - Overview
Given below is an overview of IBSAT 2022 that mentions the exam level, exam mode, number of questions, conducting body and more. Check here.
Particulars | Details |
Exam name | ICFAI Business School Aptitude Test |
Commonly known as | IBSAT |
Exam conducting body | ICFAI Foundation for Higher Education |
Exam level | National |
Exam mode | Computer-Based (Online) mode |
Total number of questions | 200 |
Total IBS campuses | 9 IBS Campuses |
MBA course available at IBS campuses | IBS Dehradun, IBS Hyderabad, IBS Jaipur |
PGDM course available at IBS campuses | IBS Kolkata, IBS Pune, IBS Bengaluru, IBS Ahmedabad, IBS Mumbai, IBS Gurgaon |
Marking scheme | Not applicable |
Helpline number | 1800-425-55-66-77 |
Official IBSAT contact details:
IBSAT 2022 official website- ibsindia.org
Helpline number- 040 – 23440963
Email: ibsat@ibsindia.org
Address:
IBS Admissions Office,
65, Nagarjuna Hills, Punjagutta
Hyderabad – 500082, Telangana.
IBSAT 2022 Highlights
Full Exam Name | IBS Aptitude Test |
Short Exam Name | IBSAT |
Conducting Body | ICFAI Business School |
Frequency of Conduct | Once a year |
Exam Level | National Level Exam |
Languages | English |
Mode of Application | Offline / Online |
Application Fee (General) | 1800 Rs [Offline] +1 More |
Mode of Exam | Online |
Mode of Counselling | Offline |
Participating Colleges | 9 |
Exam Duration | 2 Hours |

The ICFAI Business School specifies the IBSAT eligibility criteria for aspirants who wish to appear for IBS Aptitude Test 2022. Before filling the application form, it is crucial that applicants check the eligibility criteria of IBSAT 2022.
Highlights of IBSAT 2022 eligibility criteria
Minimum Marks Required - In order to fill the application form of IBSAT 2022, candidates will be required to complete their graduation with minimum 50% marks in toal aggregate.
Educational qualification - Candidates should have done their 15 years of education in the pattern on 10+2+3 or 10+2+4
Required medium of education - Candidates must have done their Bachelor’s in English medium. If they are not from english medium, in such case candidates need to submit TOEFL/ IELT/ IELTS score
Those candidates who are pursuing their final year of graduation and willing to appear for IBSAT 2022, they can fill the IBSAT application form, but later on such candidates will have to produce their graduation certificate.
Age limit - There is no age bar to apply for IBSAT 2022.
Nationality - As per past year trends, only Indian citizens are allowed to fill the application form of IBSAT 2022. Those who do not have Indian citizenship, will not be allowed to register for IBSAT 2022.
Candidates can also apply through CAT , GMAT and NMAT by GMAC score for direct admission
Mode of Application : Online and Offline
Mode of Payment : Net Banking | Credit Card | Debit Card | NEFT | Other
ICFAI Business School will start the IBSAT 2022 registration process in the first week of July in online mode. Candidates can fill IBSAT 2022 registration form by visiting the official website. At the time of IBSAT application form filling, candidates have to enter their personal as well as past academic details.
While filling the registration form of IBSAT 2022, candidates will have to pay the application fee of Rs 1,800 as well as candidates need to upload all the requisite documents.
Guidelines to fill IBSAT 2022 Application Form
- Candidates have to enter their personal details (like name, DOB, contact information like mobile number, email address, residential address, etc.) and academic details like educational qualifications while filling the IBSAT application form.
- Recent passport size coloured photographs in the prescribed format must be uploaded.
- Specify the exam whose score will be used to apply for the programme (either through IBSAT or GMAT, CAT or NMAT by GMAC).
- Check if all the information entered is accurate and click on ‘I Agree.’
- View all the information entered and schedule the IBSAT 2022 exam.
Steps to fill IBSAT application form 2022
Candidates can refer to the following steps while filling the application form of IBSAT 2022.
Step 1 - Visit the official website of ICFAI Business School i.e. www.ibsindia.org
Step 2 - Click register for IBSAT 2022 and enter all the details
Step 3 - Preview the IBSAT application form and re-check all the information
Step 4 - Pay the application fee of IBSAT 2022
Step 5 - After paying the application fee, “Submit” the application form and take a printout of it for future reference.
Application Fees
Category | Quota | Mode | Gender | Amount |
---|---|---|---|---|
SC, ST, OBC, General | Online, Offline | Male, Female, Transgender | ₹ 1800 |
Quantitative techniques
Data interpretation
Data adequacy
Vocabulary
Analytical reasoning
Reading comprehension
While preparing for IBSAT 2022, candidates should allow at least three months for IBSAT exam preparation. Be thorough will all the topics from Verbal Ability, Reading Comprehension, Data Interpretation and Adeqquancy, and Quantitative Aptitude. Check out the useful preparation tips for IBSAT 2022.
- Work on your fundamentals and be updated.
- Apart from IBSAT preparation books candidates should solve the past year's IBSAT sample paper and the previous year's question paper.
- Take IBSAT mock test regularly.
- Join online and offline study groups while preparing for IBSAT 2022.
IBSAT 2022 exam pattern states that it is a computer-based test of two hours. As per the exam pattern prescribed by ICFAI Business School, the management aptitude test will carry 140 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) divided into four sections.
IBSAT Exam Patt ern 2022
Name of the Sections | Number of Questions |
Verbal ability | 50 |
Data adequacy & data interpretation | 30 |
Reading comprehension | 30 |
Quantitative techniques | 30 |
Marking scheme : Each correct answer will be awarded one mark. There is no negative marking for an incorrect response. Thus, the IBSAT 2022 exam will be marked out of a total of 140 marks.
ICFAI does not release any official syllabus for IBSAT 2022. However, based on previous years’ question papers, here are the most common topics from which questions will be raised in the exam:
IBSAT Syllabus
Section | Topics |
Data Interpretation and Data Adequacy | Bar graphs, Column graphs, Data Interpretation, Critical Reasoning, Logical reasoning, Data sufficiency, etc. |
Reading Comprehension | Three reading comprehension passages with 25 direct questions seeking factual answers. |
Analytical Reasoning | Reasoning questions |
Quantitative Techniques | Algebra, Arithmetic progression, Co-ordinate geometry, Geometry, Percentage, Permutation & Combination, Probability, Profit & Loss, etc. |
Vocabulary | Vocabulary, Analogies, Comprehension of passage, Contextual usage, English usage, Incorrect words, Para jumble, Punctuation, etc. |
ICFAI will also offer a mock test for candidates appearing in the exam to help them get accustomed to the exam pattern of IBSAT 2022.
IBSAT Sample Paper 2022
Those candidates who are planning to take IBSAT 2022, can do their exam preparation by including the IBSAT sample paper in their preparation strategy. By solving IBSAT 2022 sample paper, candidates will be able to know their exam structure as well as a level of the IBSAT entrance test. In order to avoid basic mistakes on the day of examination, one should solve the IBSAT sample paper 2022.
IBSAT 2022 Mock Test
ICFAI Business School will release IBSAT 2022 national mock tests for candidates appearing in the test to help them get accustomed to each section of the online exam. The IBSAT national mock test will be available till last week of December. The IBSAT mock tests are available for free on the official website of IBS. Taking the mock tests proved to be highly helpful for aspirants as they can familiarise themselves with the actual exam pattern of IBSAT.
By taking the IBSAT 2022 mock test, candidates will get familiar with the IBSAT question paper and they can also gauge their IBSAT exam preparation level. Apart from that, by taking IBSAT 2022 candidates will be able to manage their time. Candidates who qualify the IBSAT mock test with a good score, IBS Hyderabad will give prizes up to Rs 20,000.
Eligibility Criteria of IBSAT Mock Test 2022-
Candidate must be a legal resident of India.
Candidate must be a major according to the age limit.
Candidate must have a valid email address and internet access.
Candidate must have passed graduation from 2019-2022 or should be appearing in 2022.
Aadhar card is necessary for NE states Government photo ID card.
The admit card of IBSAT 2022 will available in online mode. Only registered candidates can download the IBSAT 2022 admit card or hall ticket from the official website of IBS. To download the admit card of IBSAT 2022, candidates need to enter the login ID and Date of Birth sent to the registered email address.
It will be important to carry the printed copy of the admit card to the exam centre on test day, failing which candidates were barred from appearing in the exam.
Steps to download IBSAT admit card 2022
Candidates can refer to the following steps while downloading IBSAT 2022 admit card.
- Visit the official website of IBSAT 2022.
- Now click on the "Download admit card" tab
- Now enter the "IBSAT registration number" and "date of birth" and click on the "Submit" tab
- Candidates need to book a slot to appear for IBSAT 2022 exam
- Select the IBSAT exam city and test centre along with the date and time
- Choose either by "Date" or "Time" options for slot booking
- Slots booked once cannot be changed later
- Verify all the details and click on the "confirm" tab
- Take a printout of the IBSAT admit card for future reference
Details mentioned on IBSAT Admit Card 2022
• Candidates’ full name and signature
• Candidates’ photograph
• Test date and venue
• IBSAT roll number
• Examination day instructions
Apart from the admit card of IBSAT 2022, candidates must carry along a valid photo ID proof such as an Aadhaar card, voter ID, driving license, etc. to the exam centre.
IBSAT 2022 Exam Centers
State | City |
---|---|
Assam | Dibrugarh |
Guwahati | |
Bihar | Muzaffarpur |
Patna | |
Jharkhand | Dhanbad |
Jamshedpur | |
Ranchi | |
Meghalaya | Shillong |
Odisha | Bhubaneswar |
Cuttack | |
Rourkela | |
West Bengal | Durgapur |
Kolkata | |
Siliguri | |
Gujarat | Ahmedabad |
Rajkot | |
Baroda | |
Surat | |
Maharashtra | Mumbai |
Thane | |
Nagpur | |
Nashik | |
Pune | |
Chandigarh | Chandigarh |
Haryana | Ambala |
Hisar | |
Rohtak | |
Karnal | |
Faridabad | |
Gurgaon | |
Himachal Pradesh | Mandi |
Shimla | |
Jammu and Kashmir | Jammu |
Delhi | Delhi |
Uttar Pradesh | Ghaziabad |
Greater Noida | |
Noida | |
Agra | |
Aligarh | |
Allahabad | |
Bareilly | |
Kanpur | |
Gorakhpur | |
Lucknow | |
Meerut | |
Moradabad | |
Varanasi | |
Punjab | Jalandhar |
Ludhiana | |
Rajasthan | Ajmer |
Alwar | |
Jaipur | |
Jodhpur | |
Kota | |
Udaipur | |
Uttarakhand | Dehradun |
Haldwani | |
Haridwar | |
Andhra Pradesh | Vijayawada |
Visakhapatnam | |
Rajahmundry | |
Tirupati | |
Karnataka | Bengaluru |
Belgaum | |
Mangalore | |
Mysore | |
Kerala | Kochi |
Kozhikode | |
Thrissur | |
Thiruvananthapuram | |
Tamil Nadu | Chennai |
Coimbatore | |
Madurai | |
Telangana | Hyderabad |
Secunderabad | |
Warangal | |
Khammam |
Documents Required at Exam
- IBSAT 2022 admit card
- Valid photo ID proof (any one - Aadhar card/voter ID/ driving license/passport etc.)
ICFAI Business School will announce the IBSAT result in online mode probably in the last week of December 2022. Registered candidates will have to enter their IBSAT 2022 application number and password to check their IBSAT result 2022.
ICFAI Business School will not send the hard copy of the IBSAT result to the candidate's residence. Post the IBSAT 2022 result, all the IBS institutes will announce their cutoffs and prepare a list of shortlisted candidates for selection rounds.
Know how to download the IBSAT result 2022
Candidates can refer to the following steps while checking the IBSAT 2022 result.
- Step 1 - Visit the official website of ICFAI Business School and click on the “IBSAT 2022 result” tab
- Step 2 - Now candidates will be redirected to the result page. On the landing page, students will have to enter their IBSAT application number and password
- Step 3 - After entering the required details, click on the “View result” tab. A list of passed candidates will appear on the computer screen. Candidates can check their names on the available IBSAT result list.
- Step 4 - Download and take a printout of the IBSAT 2022 result for future reference
Post the announcement of result, the nine IBS institutes will declare the IBSAT 2022 cutoff lists. This list will have the names of qualifying candidates who have secured the minimum marks or percentile required to get shortlisted for the selection process. The cutoff of IBSAT 2022 will vary from institute to institute.
All the IBS campuses will release the minimum cutoff marks for IBSAT 2022 after the declaration of result. In order to be eligible for IBSAT 2022 selection procedure, candidates will have to secure minimum cutoff marks. Those who will meet the prescribed IBSAT cutoff criteria, such candidates will have to participate in the further selection rounds. Authorities will consider certain factors while preparing IBSAT cutoff criteria.
Determining factors of IBSAT cutoff 2022
Total number of participating institutes
Difficulty level of the exam
Previous year IBSAT cutoff trends
Availability of seats
The reputation of the institute
IBSAT 2022 Expected Cutoff
IBS Campus Name | Expected IBSAT 2022 Cutoff |
IBS Hyderabad | 72-78 |
IBS Mumbai | 70-75 |
IBS Gurgaon | 62-68 |
IBS Bengaluru | 65-72 |
IBS Dehradun | 56-62 |
IBS Jaipur | 54-60 |
IBS Ahmedabad | 58-63 |
IBS Kolkata | 55-62 |
The selection procedure of IBSAT 2022 is a two-step process. In the first step, candidates have to appear for the IBS Aptitude Test. After the declaration of IBSAT result, the nine IBS institutes will shortlist candidates on the basis of their own cut-offs. Shortlisted candidates will be called for IBS selection briefings or a series of focused seminars which will offer an insight into the programmes at IBS.
As part of the second step of IBSAT 2022 selection procedure, IBS Hyderabad will conduct Group Discussion (GD) and Personal Interview (PI) at its campus from February/March. Factors such as candidates’ academic performance and work experience will also be taken into consideration, besides the IBSAT score, while preparing the final merit list.
After declaration of IBSAT result 2022, shortlisted candidates will be called for Group Discussion (GD) and Personal Interview (PI) rounds. The IBSAT 2022 selection process will take place in the month of February/ March 2022. Prior to the IBSAT selection process, authorities will start a selection briefing in which authorities will answer all the queries related to the IBSAT selection process.
Required documents for IBSAT counselling 2022
At the time of IBSAT 2022 counselling, candidates will be required to produce the following documents.
Photocopy of class 10th and 12th marksheets
Qualifying degree marksheet copies
For of personal data with self affixed photograph
IBSAT 2022 admit card
IBSAT 2022 scorecard
Weightage for IBSAT Final Merit List
Selection Criteria | The weightage (in %) | ||
Past academic records of Students | Class 10 | 12 | 40 |
Class 12 | 12 | ||
Graduation | 16 | ||
Group discussion (GD) | 30 | ||
Personal Interview (PI) | 30 | ||
Total Score | 100 |
The final merit list or admission list of IBSAT 2022 will be tentatively declared in the last week of March 2022.
IBSAT Participating Institutes 2022
The IBSAT 2022 scorecard will be accepted by the nine participating institutes. The selection process of IBSAT may vary for participating institutes. Check the list of IBSAT participating institutes.
List of IBSAT 2022 participating institutes
IBSAT 2022 Counselling Centers
State | City |
---|---|
Telangana | Hyderabad |
Documents Required at Counselling
- IBSAT 2022 score card
- IBSAT 2022 admit card
- Valid photo ID proof
- Class X marksheet - original and photocopy
- Class XII marksheet - original and photocopy
- Graduation/bachelor's degree - original and photocopy
General Information
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Question:What are the programs offered by IBS?
Answer:
IBS offers the following Programs:
- 2-years MBA program at IBS Hyderabad, IBS Jaipur and IBS Dehradun
- 2-years PGPM (Postgraduate Program in Management) at 6 IBS campuses- (Ahmedabad, Bengaluru, Kolkata, Gurgaon, Mumbai and Pune)
- 4- years Ph.D program (Full time/ Part time) at IBS Hyderabad
Question:What is the cost of the IBSAT Application?
Answer:
The application cost is Rs. 1800/-.
Question:Is there any Mock Test for IBSAT?
Answer:
Yes, the mock tests is provided for the candidates prior exam, so that candidates can get familiarize with the IBSAT test. The national level IBSAT mock tests is available on the official website.
Question:Is there any financial assistance for IBS Programs?
Answer:
Candidates selected for IBS Program avail educational loans from Public/ Private sector banks.
- AVANSE Financial Services Pvt. Ltd.
- CREDILLA Financial Services
Question:In case of any queries whom do I contact?
Answer:
For any queries on IBSAT 2022, candidates can contact on the following address, email and telephone numbers:
IBS Admissions Office
65, Nagarjuna Hills, Punjagutta
Hyderabad – 500082, Telangana.
Telephone Board: 040 – 23440963
Toll Free: 1800 425 55 66 77
Email: ibsat@ibsindia.org
Question:What is IBSAT 2022 exam pattern sectional division?
Answer:
IBSAT 2022 will be conducted for a duration of two hours. The paper will be divided into four sections viz., Verbal Ability, Reading Comprehension, Quantitative Ability, and Data Adequacy & Data Interpretation.
IBSAT paper has 140 questions in total which are multiple choice questions
- Verbal Ability : 50
- Reading Comprehension : 30
- Quantitative Aptitude : 30
- Data Adequacy & Data Interpretation : 30
Question:What is the last date to apply with CAT/NMAT by GMAC or GMAT scores?
Answer:
The last date to apply with CAT/NMAT by GMAC or GMAT scores is January 31, 2022.
Question:When will be the IBSAT 2022 result announced?
Answer:
IBSAT 2022 result will be announced probably in the last week of December.
Question:Where will be the IBSAT 202@ selection procedure conducted?
Answer:
IBSAT 2022 selection process will be conducted at IBS Hyderabad campus in February/March 2023.
Question:What are the rounds included in selection process?
Answer:
The selection process of IBSAT 2022 will comprise of Group Discussion (GD) and Personal Interview (PI)
Question:Is IBSAT the common entrance test for all IBS campuses?
Answer:
Yes, IBSAT is conducted for admission to all programs of IBS at 80 test centers all over India. IBSAT 2022 test will be held tentatively in the last week of December.
Question:When will the IBSAT 2022 registration process started?
Answer:
The registration process of IBSAT 2022 will take place from first week of July and IBSAT application form will be available till third week of December.
Questions related to IBSAT
should I have to schedule online slot for ibsat exam 2021?
Hello,
IBSAT 2021 is scheduled on December 25, 2021 and December 26, 2021. The examination will be conducted in online mode. You do not have to book the slot to attend IBSAT 2021 examination. The examination center, date and time will be allotted to you and it will be given on the admit card. You need to attend the examination as per the details given on the admit card. The admit card will be soon released on the official website. You can download the admit card on the official website: ibsindia.org (https://general.ibsindia.org/mba-pgpm/index.asp?utm_source=google&utm_medium=IBSAT-Sitelink&utm_campaign=IBSAT2021Search&utm_source=Google&utm_medium=CPC&gclid=CjwKCAiAh_GNBhAHEiwAjOh3ZLO-1PvdD8J0Niclcqx4SSJRs4WvB-cB6seYvqriDJT6YlI8ntRIwxoCWQEQAvD_BwE#about)
NMAT, MAT, CAT, IIFT, SNAP, CMAT, IBSAT, XAT?
Hello Aspirant.
Hope you are doing well.
NMAT = The National Medical Admission Test (NMAT) in Philippines is a national level examination pre-requisite by the applicant for entry to any medical school in the Philippines.
MAT = Management Aptitude Test, commonly known as MAT exam is conducted by the All India Management Association. Through this test, thousands of applicants bag admission to the top-tier B-schools of the country. It takes place 4 times a year.
IIFT = IIFT is a national-level management entrance exam conducted annually by National Testing Agency (NTA), for admission to its MBA (https://www.bing.com/search?q=MBA&filters=sid%3a75c75897-cd4a-8192-85b0-c7f302150a81&form=ENTLNK) (IB) program.
SNAP = SNAP entrance exam, commonly known as Symbiosis National Aptitude Test is an MBA level entrance exam that is attempted by almost 2 lakh students all over India to secure admission in the Symbiosis Business Schools. SNAP Test is conducted by Symbiosis International University (SIU). There are a total of 16 Symbiosis Institutes affiliated with SIU.
CMAT = The CMAT exam is one of the most popular MBA entrance exams. Common Management Admission Test (CMAT) is a national level entrance test conducted by National Testing Agency (NTA). Till 2018, it was conducted by All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) as per the directions of Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD), Government of India.
IBSAT = The full form for IBSAT is ICFAI Business School Aptitude Test (IBSAT). It is one of the most popular and prominent university level entrance examinations for pursuing MBA, PGPM & PhD (part-time/full-time) programs in India. IBSAT 2021 is an entrance test which is conducted by ICFAI Foundation For Higher Education.
XAT = Xavier Aptitude Test (XAT) is a national-level MBA entrance test conducted by Xavier Labor Relation Institute (XLRI) Jamshedpur on the behalf of Xavier Association of Management Institutes (XAMI).
GOOD LUCK, STAY MOTIVATED AND HOPE THIS HELPS.
Thankyou.
I have registered for IBSAT but I couldnt schedule my date for the examination will the details be on admit card? and is it home proctored exam?
IBSAT is a home proctored exam and it will held in the last week of December. You should check your admit card and email that whether you have received login credentials or not. In order to give this exam you must have username and password. At the test day they will be sending you the test link and you will have to login with your username and password. If you do not have login credentials then contact their team as soon as possible but only after checking your mail and admit card properly. They will thoroughly guide you everything.
i got 77.007 percentile in ibsat and ive been shortlisted for ibs bangalore campus. with this percentile can i get ibs hyderbad? ive kept the campus tranfer mail to the admission team.
hello krantiswaroop1435
I hope you are doing good .As per your query, I am sorry to tell you that once you are shortlisted , it would be very difficult to change of campus. Shortlisting of all campuses is done almost at same time . So if they changed your seats to other campus, then vacant seat will be wasted and that will be their loss of fees.However, you can give a try with a geniune reason and may be change your seats if someone else(very rare chane but you can try)
Hope you found this answer helpful. Good luck for your future
i got 77 percentile in ibsat, i want to tranferr my campus from ibs bangalore to ibs hyderbad ,is it possible?
Hello,
Your marks is quite good in IBSAT examination. It's mainly higher education entrance examination.
Campus changing is possible. If you stay nearby the ibs campus. But i would suggest you to visit the campus in physically and request them, I'm sure, they will help you in change of the campus or ask the admission counsellor of IBS. I think the admission counsellor will help you out from this.
All the best.