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With CAT 2025 likely scheduled for 30th November, strategic preparation is crucial. On Day 37 of the Careers360 60-day plan, the spotlight is on mastering Permutation and Combination—an area that often troubles aspirants due to its complexity. This guide not only breaks down tough concepts with solved examples and PYQs related to Permutation and Combination. It also includes insights into Syllogism and VARC comparison questions to strengthen your overall problem-solving and verbal reasoning skills.
CAT number system questions based on factors are regularly asked in the CAT exam and other MBA entrance examinations.
Questions about factors are of the form of
To find the number of all factors
To find the number of even factors
To find the number of odd factors
To find the number of factors of multiple of some value (Value will be given)
To find the number of factors which are perfect squares/perfect cubes etc
To find the number of Co-prime factors
To find the sum of factors
To find products of all factors etc.
Number of ways of writing a number N as a product of two numbers?
Important Formula for CAT number system questions
Number of factors:
Do Prime factorization first
N = pa × pb × rc × … where p, q, r are prime numbers; a, b, c are positive integers
The number of factors of N= (a+1)(b+1)(c+1)…
Sum of factors
Do prime factorisation first.
N = pa × qb × rc × … where p, q, r are prime numbers; a, b, c are positive integers
Sum of factors = (pa+1-1/p-1) (qb+1-1/q-1) (rc+1-1/r-1)
Trailing Zeroes and Exponent of a prime number:
Trailing zeroes give the number of zeroes at the end of the number.
For example, 54600 has two trailing zeroes.
In a product, a pair of 2 and 5 forms one trailing zero. This concept is used to find the number of trailing zeroes.
From this topic following types of questions were asked:
Find the trailing zeroes in 54! etc
Find the trailing zeroes in x3b x5c etc
Find the highest power of 7 in 200! etc
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The two previous year CAT questions as per the number system CAT Syllabus are given below:
Q1. How many factors of 24 × 35 × 104 are perfect squares which are greater than 1? [TITA- CAT Question Paper 2019]
Solution:
N = 24 × 35 × 104 = 24 × 35 × 24 x 54 = 28 × 35 × 54
Perfect square factors will be formed only for even (including 0) powers of prime factors.
Powers of 2 for which perfect square factors will be found for = 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 (5 ways)
Powers of 3 for which perfect square factors will be found for = 0, 2, 4 (3 ways)
Powers of 5 for which perfect square factors will be found for = 0, 2, 4 (3 ways)
Total number of perfect square factors will be = 5 x 3 x 3 = 45
Total number of perfect square factors greater than 1 will be = 45 – 1= 44
So, the answer is 44.
Q2. What is the highest power of 12 that divides 54!
[Based On CAT Question Paper ]
25
26
30
4
Solution: A
12 = 22 x3, so we need to count the highest power of 2 and highest power of 3 that will divide 54!
The highest power of 2 divides 54! = [54/2] + [54/4] + [54/8] + [ 54/16] + [54/32]
= 27 + 13 + 6 + 3 + 1 = 50, where [x] ? greatest integer function.
Highest powers of 4 that divides 54! = 50/2 = 25
Highest power of 3 that divides 54! = [54/3] + [54/9] + [54/27] = 18 + 6 + 2 = 26, where [x] ? greatest integer function.
So, the highest power of 12 that divides 54! = min (25, 26) = 25.
Prerequisite:
To prepare for the number system for CAT exam according to the number system CAT syllabus, a student must have knowledge of
Prime, Composite and Co-primes
Even and Odd numbers
Sum of Geometric Progression
Exponents
Factorials
Tips On CAT Preparation For Number System (Factors and Trailing Zeroes)
Find the number of 5s to find the trailing zeroes is n! as the number of 2s is always greater than the number of 5s.
Eg: number of trailing zeros in 100! = [100/5] + [100/25] = 20 + 4 =24 where, [x] is the greatest integer function.
So, we can write the number of trailing zeroes in n! = [n/5] + [n/25] + [n/125] + ……….
Product of all factors of N = N (no of factors/2)
To find the even factors, divide the given number by 2 and find the number of total factors of the quotient.
Apply the concepts to practice Number System questions.
Practice previous year CAT questions on number system
1. Learn the concept of factors and Multiples from class 9 Mathematics NCERT (For Theory)
Arun Sharma: A Quantitative Approach for CAT (6th Edition)
Kailasha Online Learning Classroom
MASTER Number System for CAT and GMAT by Nishit K Sinha.
Sample Papers
CAT previous year papers
In previous articles, we have covered DI based on Bar graphs, Pie charts and Line graphs. In this article, we will deal with data represented in the form of a table for the CAT exam. Data interpretation is a must-come topic in the CAT Exam and other management entrance exams.
In this section, we will discuss the basics of a table chart. The boxes of the table consist of different types of information such as the population of a town, marks of a student, expenses of a company, production data of any industry etc. Table Chart questions are extremely important and have a good weightage as well. Many students sometimes find it difficult to solve these types of questions. Therefore, its recommended for students to practice these questions rigorously.
Sample:
Average marks of students of class 10 of different schools of a city are represented subject wise as shown in table:
Maths | Science | English | Social Science | Hindi | |
St. Marry | 81 | 81 | 81 | 81 | 81 |
Elite | 78 | 78 | 78 | 78 | 78 |
Romex | 64 | 64 | 64 | 64 | 64 |
DPS | 91 | 91 | 91 | 91 | 91 |
Questions On the Line Graph From CAT Previous Year Papers
Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below. A study was conducted to ascertain the relative importance that employees in five different countries being assigned to five different traits in their Chief Executive Officers. The traits were compassion (C), decisiveness (D), negotiation skills (N), public visibility (P), and vision (V). The level of dissimilarity between two countries is the maximum difference in the ranks allotted by the two countries to any of the five traits. The following table indicates the rank order of the five traits for each country. [ CAT Question Paper 2015]
Q1. Which of the following pairs of countries are most dissimilar?
China and Japan
India and China
Malaysia and Japan
Thailand and Japan
Ans: (4)
Difference in ranks skills-wise is shown as below:
C | N | D | V | P | |
China and Japan | 3-2 =1 | 2-1 =1 | 4-1 =3 | 5-4 =1 | 5-3= 2 |
India and China | 2-1= 1 | 3-1 =2 | 5-4 = 1 | 5-4 = 1 | 3-2 =1 |
Malaysia and Japan | 4-3 =1 | 5-2 =3 | 2-1= 1 | 4-1 = 3 | 5- 3 =2 |
Thailand and Japan | 3-2 =1 | 3-2 =1 | 5-1 =4 | 4-1 =3 | 5-4=1 |
Thailand and Japan should be the answer since these countries show the maximum difference in ranks (i.e., 4) on the basis of decisiveness.
No other countries show a difference of 4.
Q2. Which of the following countries is least dissimilar to India?
China
Japan
Malaysia
Thailand
Ans: (1)
Difference between the ranks on the basis of given traits of other countries with India is calculated.
Traits | China | Japan | Malaysia | Thailand |
C | 2-1=1 | 5-1=4 | 4-1=3 | 2-1=1 |
P | 3-2=1 | 4-2=2 | ||
N | 3-1=2 | 3-3=0 | ||
V | 5-4=1 | 4-2=2 | ||
D | 5-4=1 | 5-5=0 |
India and China show a maximum difference of 2 for 1 time.
India and Japan show a difference of greater than 2 (Compassion), so it cannot be least dissimilar and we need not to calculate differences for other traits.
Similar is the case with Malaysia.
With Thailand, the difference of 2 appeared twice. Therefore it can not be least dissimilar. The answer is China.
Q3. Which amongst the following countries is most dissimilar to India?
China
Japan
Malaysia
Thailand
Solution: (2)
since China is the least dissimilar, as discussed in the previous question. So, China cannot be the answer, and we will not find the differences for China in this case.
Traits | Japan | Malaysia | Thailand |
C | 5-1=4 | 4-1=3 | 2-1=1 |
P | 5-2 =3 | 3-2=1 | 4-2=2 |
N | 3-2=1 | 5-3=2 | 3-3=0 |
V | 4-4=0 | 4-1=3 | 4-2=2 |
D | 3-1=2 | 5-2=3 | 5-5=0 |
Clearly, Japan shows the maximum difference in ranks, So Japan is most dissimilar in ranks with India
Prerequisite:
To prepare Data Interpretation (Line Graph) for the CAT exam, a student must learn
Percentage (Basic)
Averages
Calculations based on ratios
Approximation
Use Approximation.
Observe the data carefully.
Solve small calculations mentally.
References to Study (Theory):
LRDI for CAT and GMAT by Nishit K Sinha.
To learn the basics of bar graph read statistics of class 9 and Class 10 Mathematics from NCERT (For Theory)
Kailasha Online Learning Classroom YouTube Channel
References to Study (Practice):
1. Sample Papers
2. Question bank from CAT-Holic
3. How to Prepare for Data Interpretation for CAT by Arun Sharma
4. CAT previous year papers
Conjunctions are used to connect more than two words or phrases. It defines the connection between the joined sentences.
Examples:
He likes to eat both Noodles and Pizza.
The tulips and orchids are flowers.
Until next month, I can’t afford to travel.
Conjunctions are useful as well as convenient. Conjunctions are extremely common.
There are three types of English conjunctions:
Coordinating: for, not, yet, so etc
Subordinating: Although, though, while, if, until etc.
Correlative: Neither/ Nor, Whether/ Or, Either/ Or etc.
Interjections are used to express emotions in a sentence. Also, interjections are grammatically independent of the words around them.
Examples:
Greeting: Hey! After such a long time, I am seeing you.
Joy: Oh my gosh! What is happening there?
Surprise: Ah! Finally you clear your CAT Exam!
Approval: Yes! you are hired!
Attention: Listen, you are fired.
Sorrow: Oh dear, I really wanted to marry you.
Questions On Conjunction and Interjection from CAT Previous Year Papers/ CAT practice questions on conjunctions
Direction: Choose the part which requires correction. [Based on Previous Years Questions]
Q.1 As soon as (1) / he got the (2) / courier, at once (3) / he started. (4) / No Error (5)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Ans: C
The conjunction 'as soon as is used to show two simultaneous actions. So, in the third part, the use of ‘at once’ is incorrect
Q2. I will either (1) / go for an interview (2) / else play (3) / Cricket. (4) / No Error (5)
1
2
3
4
5
Ans: C
With “Either’, ‘Or’ comes.
So, (3) contains error. ‘else’ should be replace by ‘or’.
Q3. Be kind (1)/ not only in words (2) / and also (3) / in behavior. (4) / No Error (5)
1
2
3
4
5
Ans: C
The correct conjunction to be used is ‘but’ in place of ‘and’.
Prerequisite:
Knowledge of sentence formation
Basic Knowledge of Sentence Formation
Use of Nouns, Pronouns and Verbs.
Use of the comma when a coordinating conjunction is joining two independent clauses.
When a conjunction joins two words in a sentence, then the sentence cannot be separated in two independent sentences.
Learn all the conjunctions and their uses separately with the help of examples.
References to Study (Theory):
Advanced English grammar by Wren and Martin
2iim YouTube Channel
References to Study (Practice):
Question Bank from iquanta.com
CAT previous year papers
How to Prepare for Verbal Ability & Reading Comprehension for CAT by Meenakshi Upadhyay and Arun Sharma (9th Edition)
Mastering factors and multiplication tables is essential for quick and accurate math problem-solving. With the right strategies, identifying factors and solving table-based questions becomes easier. Practice, recognition of patterns, and smart shortcuts significantly improve speed and confidence in exams.
Tip 1: Learn Tables Up to 20 Thoroughly
Example: To solve 14 × 7 quickly, recall the table of 14: 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, 84, 98.
Memorising multiplication tables up to 20 boosts your ability to solve problems swiftly. Knowing answers instantly reduces the time needed for calculations and supports better factor recognition. Use songs, flashcards, or apps to reinforce memory.
Tip 2: Use Factor Pairs
Example: Factors of 36: (1,36), (2,18), (3,12), (4,9), (6,6)
Writing numbers as factor pairs helps in identifying all possible factors efficiently. Start with 1 and go up to the square root of the number. For 36, check from 1 to 6; each valid division gives a complete pair.
Tip 3: Apply Divisibility Rules
Example: 72 is divisible by 3 because 7 + 2 = 9 (which is divisible by 3).
Divisibility rules help identify factors quickly without full division. Learn rules for 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, and 10. These rules simplify spotting common factors and validating whether one number is a factor of another.
Tip 4: Break Numbers into Prime Factors
Example: 60 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 5
Prime factorisation breaks a number down into its simplest building blocks. This is especially helpful in finding LCM, HCF, or solving word problems. Use factor trees or the division method for clarity and systematic calculation.
Tip 5: Use Multiples to Identify Common Factors
Example: Multiples of 6: 6, 12, 18, 24...; Multiples of 8: 8, 16, 24... ⇒ Common multiple: 24
Listing multiples can identify the least common multiple (LCM) or help in comparing tables. It’s useful when solving time-based or event problems where something repeats at different intervals.
Tip 6: Recognise Square and Cube Numbers
Example: 49 is 7²; 27 is 3³
Recognising square and cube numbers helps quickly determine factors and simplify root-based problems. Memorise squares up to 30 and cubes up to 12 to improve speed and pattern recognition in exams and mental math tasks.
We will be back with Day-6 strategy. Do practice and be focused.
Thank You
All the best.
CAT 2023 Official Question Paper and Answer Key (Slot 1) | |
CAT 2023 Official Question Paper and Answer Key (Slot 3) |
CAT 2025 is likely to be held in November 2025, tentatively on the last Sunday of the month.
CAT is organized by one of the IIMs on a rotational basis every year. The organizing IIM for CAT 2025 will be mentioned in the official notification released likely in July 2025. Though the pattern and structure of the exam remain unchanged, the question pattern and difficulty level could be slightly different based on the organizing IIM.
CAT is a very competitive exam, and the level of difficulty changes every year. Quantitative Aptitude and LRDI are usually moderate to tough, but VARC may be tricky as it involves reading comprehension complexity. But as CAT is a percentile-based test, your ranking depends on how you perform in relation to other candidates.
Begin with the knowledge of exam pattern, going through previous year papers, and making a systematic study plan. Prioritize conceptual clarity and then proceed to mock tests and sectional practice. A constant analysis of mock tests will enable you to realize your weaknesses and enhance your speed and accuracy.
Past year papers are needed to grasp the pattern of the exam and the types of frequently asked questions, but they alone are not sufficient. Practice mock tests, sectional tests, and topic-wise questions to enhance speed, accuracy, and problem-solving abilities as well. As CAT questions don't repeat word by word, candidates need to focus on concepts instead of memorization.
Factors and multiplication tables form the foundation of arithmetic problem-solving. CAT Quantitative Aptitude questions often require quick calculations and number sense.
Use repetition techniques like writing and chanting tables daily. Break them into patterns (e.g., even numbers for 2’s table) or use apps and flashcards. Learning through rhymes or visual charts can also help retain tables up to 20 quickly and effectively.
Conjunctions help understand the logical flow of ideas in reading comprehension and para jumbles. Interjections, though less common, aid in identifying tone or intent in sentence correction or fill-in-the-blanks.
Students often miss out on factor pairs or forget to check for divisibility. Another mistake is assuming primes or not verifying all factors up to the square root.
Dedicate time to revising multiplication tables, solve at least 20 factor-based questions, and review basic grammar rules related to conjunctions and interjections.
Hello Ashish,
Yes, you can get admission to MBA programs at IISWBM without a CAT score, but only for certain courses. Note that IISWBM has MBA programs under the University of Calcutta and flagship courses like MBA (Day) or MBA-HRM typically require a CAT score. Other programs like the PGDM or Executive MBA/Course may have other entrance examinations on which consideration would be made, or considerations may be based on merit, and of course work experience. Always run any eligibility detail checks with the official IISWBM (https://www.iiswbm.edu/) website or The IISWBM prospectus.
Hello,
Yes, a state (Delhi) NC-OBC certificate is valid for CAT 2025 , but it must be in the central government format (for appointment to posts under Government of India).
Also, it should be issued after 31st March 2025, as required by IIMs. If your certificate meets these conditions, it will be accepted.
Hope it helps !
GIBS Business School in Bangalore accepts multiple national and state-level entrance exam scores for admission to its PGDM program. You can apply using scores from exams like CAT, MAT, XAT, CMAT, GMAT, ATMA, or various state-level CETs.
The admission process typically considers your entrance exam score along with your academic record, performance in the group discussion and personal interview, and any work experience you may have. For the BBA program, admissions are generally based on your Class 12 marks and do not require entrance exam scores.
If you're planning to apply, it's a good idea to keep your exam score, academic documents, and personal statement ready for the selection rounds.
If your son’s first preference is CSE, then Amrita Bangalore clearly leads among the three, simply because CSE opens more doors in terms of placements, internships, and future-proof careers. Amrita is also NAAC A++ and has a strong reputation, especially for CSE. Category 2 is also manageable fee-wise compared to higher categories.
VIT Chennai is a decent campus, and their ECE program is solid, but Category 5 means much higher fees and very low chance of branch upgrade later. CSE at VIT Chennai would have been more competitive here — but ECE at that fee tier is not as strong a deal unless your son has a strong interest in core electronics.
Manipal Bangalore (MIT Bengaluru campus) is a newer campus. ECE there is still developing in terms of placements and faculty compared to the main Manipal campus. Unless your son strongly prefers Bangalore or is getting some advantage here like scholarships or internship access, it doesn't stand out above Amrita.
So, recommendation: Go with Amrita Bangalore CSE (Category 2). It balances a strong branch with a decent campus and better long-term potential in the tech industry. If your son is open to core electronics and you’re okay with the higher cost, VIT Chennai is fine, but still comes second to CSE at Amrita.
All the best!
hi,
Yes, with a NEET score of 317 and being from Bihar with OBC category, you still have chances to get a seat. For BDS, getting a government seat may be difficult because the cutoffs are usually higher. But you can try for private BDS colleges, especially in the mop-up and spot rounds.You can get a seat in private BAMS colleges in Bihar, and maybe in semi-government colleges if cutoffs drop this year.
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