CAT Quantitative Aptitude, Average Questions, LR, VARC | Day 22

Hello CAT 2022 aspirants,
CAT Preparation 2022 in 60 days:
On November 27, the CAT exam 2022 for MBA admissions 2023–2025 will take place. In this CAT 2022 60 days preparation guide series of Careers360, we are going to discuss the strategies of day 21 that can help you prepare well and crack CAT entrance test 2022.

Also Read:

• CAT Preparation Tips 2022
• CAT Syllabus 2022
• How to prepare for CAT Exam
• CAT Preparation Strategy 2022

CAT Preparation 2022 in 60 days

Part-1: CAT 2022 QA Preparation Tips (Quantitative Aptitude)

CAT Exam Important Topic: Average (Algebra)

Average or mean is calculated by the sum of observations divided by a number of observations.

Simple Average/ Simple Mean (X) = (x1+x2+x3+…+xn)/n; x₁, x₂, x₃, ………, x_n are n observations.

Weighted Average/ Weighted Mean

; x₁, x₂, x₃, ………, x_n are n observations. w₁, w₂, ……., w_n are their respective weightages.

Prerequisite:

1. Arithmetic Progression, Geometric Progression
2. Arithmetic Mean and Geometric Mean
3. Knowledge of Linear Equations

CAT Exam 2022 Preparation: Tips to solve CAT questions on Averages

To begin your CAT preparation, go through these steps in order.

1. At the initial stage of preparation for CAT 2022, try to solve at least 4 to 5 questions on averages to check your understanding of the concept.
2. Get familiar with the fundamentals of average and weighted average.
3. Try some basic questions on averages. (Probably level of difficulty 1)
4. Once you have figured out the basics, you can move on to more difficult problems by learning some shortcuts and special cases.
5. Start to solve difficult problems from the books which are suggested in this article.

Some tricks and approaches for CAT exam Preparation:

1. When a person replaces another person then the average age of the group will be increased or decreased.

Difference between the persons added and who left = change in average x number of persons.

2. When a person joins the group of n persons; if the average increases then the Age of the new person = Old average + (n+1) x difference between averages

If the average decreases then:

Age of the new person = Old average - (n+1) x difference between averages

3. The average of an AP of odd terms is always its middle term.

4. In the general case, the Average of an AP is the Average of its first and last term.

5. Average of an AP of even terms is the average of its two middle terms.

CAT Syllabus 2022: Importance of Averages

• Average is an important concept which is used to solve the problems of weighted averages, problems including ages, mixture and alligations etc.
• Averages are used in day-to-day life calculations.
• Used in making estimations
• Questions based on averages are frequently asked in the CAT Exam.

CAT Previous Year Questions from Averages

Q1. Ramesh and Gautam are among 22 students who write an examination. Ramesh scores 82.5. The average score of the 21 students other than Gautam is 62. The average score of all 22 students is one more than the average score of the 21 students other than Ramesh. The score of Gautam is [CAT exam 2019, TITA]

Solution:

Score of Gautam =x (say)

According to given condition

Total marks of 22 students = 21*62 +x

Average score of 22 students = (21*62 +x)/22

According to second condition

The average score of all the 22 students is one more than the average score of the 21 students other than Ramesh,

So, (21*62 +x)/22 = (21*62 +x – 82.5)/21 + 1

(21*62 +x)/22 -1 = (21*62 +x – 82.5)/21

(21*62 + x -22)/22 = (21*62 +x – 82.5)/21

On solving x =51

Score of Gautam is 51.

Q2. Last year, the average age of the class of 25 students was 13 years. If the age of the class teacher was included, the new average of the class became 14 years. Exactly a year later (i.e. this year), the class teacher leaves the school and if the age of the new class teacher is included, then the new average of the class this year becomes 14.5 years. Find the age of the new class teacher. [CAT exam PYQ]

1. 27 (Solution)
2. 41
3. 43
4. 67

Present average of 25 students = 14 years

Total age of 25 students = 25 x 14 = 350

Average (including new class teacher) = (350 + Age of new teacher)/ 26 = 14.5

On solving age of new teacher = 27 years

CAT syllabus 2022: References for Study (Theory)

1. How to prepare quantitative aptitude by Arun Sharma (7^th edition)
2. Handa Ka Funda CAT Exam Prep
3. Mission CAT (YouTube)

CAT syllabus 2022: References to Study (Practice)

1. R S Agrawal for quantitative aptitude
2. https://iim-cat-questions-answers.2iim.com
3. Previous Years Question Papers

Part-2: CAT 2022 Preparation Tips: CAT DILR tips (Logical Reasoning and Data Interpretation) (h2)

CAT 2022 Syllabus Topic: Problem Solving/Puzzle (Distribution)

The following concepts are used in distribution-based puzzles:

• Distribution of objects among persons/places
• Arrangement of persons based on some parameters like height, ranks, weights etc.

CAT preparation: Importance of puzzles based on distribution:

• Puzzles on distribution are used as an effective tool for learning.
• It carries a good weightage in CAT Exam as seen in CAT previous year papers.
• Help a person in solving real-life situations.

Prerequisite:

1. Knowledge of basics of

• Ranking
• Direction Sense
• Blood Relation

2. Knowledge of Linear and Circular Arrangement.

CAT Exam 2022 Preparation: Tips to solve CAT questions Puzzles based on distribution:

Following are some tips and tricks to solve the puzzles based on distribution:

• Read each and every piece of information carefully.
• Note down important clues and information in short form.
• Form tables to mark the possibilities.
• Eliminate the wrong possibilities.
• Make pairs of related information.
• Use the least information at last.
• Solving more and more puzzles will help you to build your concept.

CAT Previous Year Questions: Puzzles based on Distribution

Comprehension:

Adriana, Bandita, Chitra, and Daisy are four female students, and Amit, Barun, Chetan, and Deb are four male students. Each of them studies in one of three institutes - X, Y, and Z. Each student majors in one subject among Marketing, Operations, and Finance, and minors in a different one among these three subjects. The following facts are known about the eight students:

1. Three students are from X, three are from Y, and the remaining two students, both female, are from Z.
2. Both the male students from Y minor in Finance, while the female student from Y majors in Operations.
3. Only one male student majors in Operations, while three female students minor in Marketing.
4. One female and two male students major in Finance.
5. Adriana and Deb are from the same institute. Daisy and Amit are from the same institute.
6. Barun is from Y and majors in Operations. Chetan is from X and majors in Finance.
7. Daisy minors in Operations. [CAT exam 2018]

Q1. Who are the students from institute Z?

Options

1. Adriana and Bandita
2. Adriana and Daisy
3. Chitra and Daisy
4. Bandita and Chitra

Q2. Which subject does Deb minor in?

Options

1. Marketing
2. Operations
3. Cannot be determined uniquely from the given information
4. Finance

Q3. Which subject does Amit major in?

Options

1. Cannot be determined uniquely from the given information
2. Marketing
3. Finance
4. Operations

Q4. If Chitra majors in Finance, which subject does Bandita major in?

Options

1. Cannot be determined uniquely from the given information
2. Marketing
3. Operations
4. Finance

Solution:

Form a table from the given information to better understand the problem as below:

# Bandita and Chitra must be from Z. Since two females are from Z. So, this is the only possibility.

# Three females are Minor in Marketing. So, Adriana, Bandita and Chitra must minor in Marketing.

# Daisy must not be from Y Since females from Y must have a major in Operation but Daisy is a minor in Operations. Therefore, Adriana must be from Y and So Deb does.

Bandita and Chitra must be from X.

# Female from Y i.e. must have a major in Operation. And males from Y have a minor in Finance.

# Two male students major in Finance. Deb cannot be that one since He is minor in Finance. So, Amit should Majoring in Finance.

From the given information, the table will look like as shown.

Ans 1: (4)

Ans 2: (4)

Ans 3: (3)

Ans 4: (3) If Chitra does major in Finance then Bandita must major in Operations since only one female can do a major in Finance.

CAT syllabus 2022: References to Study (Theory)

1. Verbal and Non-Verbal Reasoning by R S Aggarwal. (Basic)
2. ELITES GRID for CAT (YouTube Channel)

CAT syllabus 2022: References to Study (Practice)

1. Verbal and Non-Verbal Reasoning by R S Aggarwal. (Basic)
2. LRDI for CAT and GMAT by Nishit K Sinha. (Advance)
3. Previous Years Question Papers

Part-3: CAT Exam Preparation 2022: CAT exam tips for VARC (Verbal Ability & Reading Comprehension)

CAT Exam Important Topic: To solve Problems on Sentence Correction.

Problems of sentence correction involve errors based on

• Wrong use of Tenses
• Wrong uses of Articles, Propositions
• Wrong use of Subject-Verb agreement
• Error of Repetition
• Error in the choice of phrases/ Words

Prerequisite:

• Noun, Pronoun, Verb
• Tenses
• Articles, Prepositions
• Subject- Verb Agreement

CAT Tips and Tricks to Solve Problems in Sentence Correction:

• Look out for time indicators (before, after, ago, while etc) to check whether the correct form of the verb is used.
• Find the best option by examining each one.
• To find the error in underlined part, pay attention to the non-underlined part.
• If you find two choices correct then choose the shorter choice.
• Substitute the selected choice in the place of underlined part and check whether it makes sense or not.
• Use the elimination technique.
• Attempt CAT sample papers.

Importance of sentence correction for CAT 2022 and in real life:

• It improves your reading and writing skills
• Enhance your communication
• It builds a logical approach
• It will help you to score well in the CAT Exam

CAT Exam Practice Questions on Sentence Correction

Q1. There is no more room for you in this compartment. [IPMAT 2020-IPM Rohtak]

1. there is no more seat
2. there is no more space
3. there is no more accommodation
4. No improvement

Ans: (4) No correction required

Q2. The place where her father disappeared and the reason why he did are unknown to her. [IPMAT 2020]

1. her father disappeared and the reason why he did
2. where her father disappeared and the reason he did
3. her father disappeared and the reason he did
4. where her father disappeared and the reason why he did

Ans: (2) words ‘reason’ and ‘why’ both should not be used there.

Q3. The Municipal Council can no longer wash its hands off its responsibilities. [IPMAT 2020]

1. wash its hands from its
2. wash their hands off their
3. wash their hand of their
4. wash its hands of its

Ans: (2) Council will have more than one person so ‘their’ should come in place of ‘its’.

Q4. Though disposing of nuclear waste remains a concern, nuclear plants are often subsidized because of the steady, carbon-free power provided. [Based on CAT PYQ]

1. off nuclear waste remains a concern, nuclear plants are often subsidized because of the steady, carbon-free power provided.
2. of nuclear waste remains a concern, nuclear plants are often subsidized because of the steady, carbon-free power they provide.
3. off nuclear waste remains a concern, nuclear plants are often subsidized because of the steady, carbon-free power they provide.
4. No correction required

Ans: (2) ‘disposing of’ is the correct use of phrasal verbs. So, 1 and 3 cannot be the answer.

The verb should be in accordance with the subject and the subject here is ‘nuclear plants. The verb ‘provided’ should be replaced with ‘they provide’.

CAT Syllabus 2022: References to Study (Theory)

1. How to Prepare for Verbal Ability & Reading Comprehension for CAT by Meenakshi Upadhyay and Arun Sharma (9th Edition)
2. CAT Edurav (Youtube Channel)

CAT Syllabus 2022: References to Study (Practice):

1. Mastering the verbal ability for CAT by Ajay Singh
2. https://iim-cat-questions-answers.2iim.com/
3. Practice Sample Question Papers.

We will be back with Day 23 of the CAT exam preparation guide 2022 for 60 days tomorrow. Do practice and be focused.